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How is a graduate program different than an undergraduate one?

Student Answers

A graduate student needs to be able to work independently.
In graduate school, it's not just the class grades that matter but how you apply what you learn in class to your own work in the lab.
The program is intensive and would most likely require you to do experiments after the usual 8am-5pm work schedules.

A grad student needs to be goal-oriented. . .organize these goals as short- or long-term and REALLY work towards their completion. A great deal of independence is an asset. Previous research experience is becoming more a necessity than an option (at least in the sciences).

You have to think independently in a graduate program.

You have to be completely self-motivated; no one tells you what to do and when to be where.

You usually have a lot more flexibility in a graduate program, both in deciding what courses to take and in deciding where you want your research to go. I think with that flexibility you also take on a lot more responsibility as a graduate student - you are responsible for conducting your research, writing grants to fund your research, publishing in a timely manner, and presenting your work at meetings.
You have to balance that with teaching and having a life.

A graduate student has a lot more say into the design of his program than an undergraduate. A graduate program is more specialized and a graduate student is expected to find a lot more information on his own. In general, undergraduates are "spoon-fed" information.

Faculty Answers

When a student enters a graduate program he/she arrives the first day to build a professional career. No degree pops up at the end of several years, as is the experience of the typical undergraduate. Rather, you develop your own career goals immediately, and taking courses is not where the action lies. Drain the brains of those on a faculty who are useful to you. The graduate student should be capable of advancing knowledge with a capitol K!

Graduate students are expected to be more self-motivated than undergraduates. Research is the most important part of graduate education, and graduate students are expected to get into the lab as much as they can, to study the literature related to their research project, to understand the project in depth, and to make suggestions for experiments or modifications of experiments.

Less structure, including fewer formal classes
Much more responsibility to initiate, question, and integrate
Master existing body of knowledge and apply it in an original way to problem

The self-motivation and creativity demands are more intense. There are, at times, less direction, but more responsibility.

There is no defined program or end-point. A student must be willing to use their own intiative and effort to complete the program.

The graduate program is completely directed by the student, their interests and their needs.

In a graduate program the measure of success is not grades, but research and publications. A good graduate student will have at least one nearly finished, publishable study before he or she takes the admission to candidacy exam.