| SALMONELLA IN CATTLE, BOVINE SALMONELLOSIS | |
| Description | The Gram-negative rod of the genus SALMONELLA has one species called ENTERICA, 6 subspecies and over 2000 serotypes, some of which are host-adapted. Signs range from acute to chronic; shedders can carry the organism without signs. Clinical Salmonellosis is most common in calves but can occur at any age. Septicemia, especially in young calves, causes sloughing of the skin of the extremities in rare cases and meningitis is sometimes part of the disease syndrome. Abortion can follow fetal infection. This is a zoonosis. |
| Species | Bovine |
| Signs | Abortion or weak newborns, Agalactia, Alopecia, Anorexia, Bloody stools, feces, hematochezia, Cold skin, Colic, Coma, Congestion oral mucous membranes, Conjunctival, scleral, injection, Conjunctival, scleral, redness, Coughing, Cyanosis, Dehydration, Diarrhea, Dullness, Dyspnea, Fever, Forelimb lameness, Forelimb swelling, Generalized lameness or stiffness, Generalized weakness, Hindlimb lameness, Hindlimb swelling, Icterus, Inability to stand, Increased respiratory rate, Lack of growth or weight gain, Mastitis, Moist skin, hair or feathers, Mucoid nasal discharge, Mucous, mucoid stools, feces, Opisthotonus, Purulent nasal discharge, Reluctant to move, Seizures or syncope, Skin necrosis, Sudden death, Tachycardia, Underweight, poor condition, thin, emaciated, unthriftiness, ill thrift, Unusual or foul odor, stools, feces, Weight loss |
| References | Cummings KJ et al. Antimicrobial Resistance Trends Among Salmonella Isolates Obtained from Dairy Cattle in the Northeastern United States, 2004–2011. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2013;10:353-361 [Web Reference] Nielsen LR. Review of pathogenesis and diagnostic methods of immediate relevance for epidemiology and control of Salmonella Dublin in cattle. Veterinary Microbiology 2013;162:1-9 [Web Reference] Mee JF et al. Bioexclusion of diseases from dairy and beef farms: Risks of introducing infectious agents and risk reduction strategies. The Veterinary Journal 2012;194:143-150 [Web Reference] Nielsen LR, Dohoo I. Survival analysis of factors affecting incidence risk of Salmonella Dublin in Danish dairy herds during a 7-year surveillance period. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2012;107:160-169 [Web Reference] Blanchard PC. Diagnostics of Dairy and Beef Cattle Diarrhea. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 2012;28:443-464 [Web Reference] Tewari D et al. Prevalence of Salmonella Cerro in Laboratory-Based Submissions of Cattle and Comparison with Human Infections in Pennsylvania, 2005-2010. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2012;9:928-933 [Web Reference] Kirchner M et al. A comparison between longitudinal shedding patterns of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Dublin on dairy farms. Veterinary Record 2012;171:194 [Web Reference] Nielsen TD et al. Evaluation of milk yield losses associated with Salmonella antibodies in bulk tank milk in bovine dairy herds. Journal of Dairy Science 2012;95:4873-4885 [Web Reference] Loneragan GH et al. Salmonella Diversity and Burden in Cows on and Culled from Dairy Farms in the Texas High Plains. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2012;9:549-555 [Web Reference] Costa LF et al. Salmonellosis in cattle: Advantages of being an experimental model. Research in Veterinary Science 2012;93:1-6 [Web Reference] Van Kessel JAS et al. Dynamics of Salmonella Serotype Shifts in an Endemically Infected Dairy Herd. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 2012;9:319-324 [Web Reference] |
