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Alexander Nikitin, MD, PhD

Professor of Pathology

Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences

Nikitin Lab

Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
T6 018A Veterinary Research Tower, Box 18
Ithaca, NY 14853-6401

Profile

Research/Clinical Interests

Our research focuses on understanding how alterations in tissue development, regeneration, and cellular states contribute to cancer initiation and progression, particularly in ovarian and endometrial cancers. Our laboratory established the first autochthonous mouse model of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) and identified the transcriptional regulation of the miR-34 family by p53. We demonstrated that miR-34 is frequently downregulated in ovarian cancer and uncovered a critical role for the p53/miR-34/MET feed-forward loop in regulating cell motility and invasion. We also identified a previously unrecognized cancer-prone stem cell niche in the ovarian surface epithelium and discovered a pre-ciliogenic cell state in the uterine (Fallopian) tube epithelium that is particularly susceptible to ovarian cancer initiation.

More recently, our group developed a mouse model of serous endometrial carcinoma (SEC) driven by combined p53 and Rb1 deficiency. Using this model, we showed that the loss of differentiated cellular states is accompanied by the emergence of a clinically significant single-cell and spatial transcriptomic dysregulation signature. These HGSC and SEC models, together with several other highly accurate mouse models of human cancer developed by our laboratory, have provided important conceptual and technical insights into stem cell biology and cancer genomics and have helped advance the field of stem cell pathology.

Our research is strengthened by collaborations with developmental biologists and by cross-disciplinary partnerships in technology-driven areas, including high-throughput single-cell profiling, spatial transcriptomics, nonlinear microscopy, intravital imaging, and nanotechnology. My training as a human pathologist and extensive expertise in comparative mouse pathology further enhance our investigations into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis.

Publications

Selected Publications

  1. Ralston CQ, Flesken-Nikitin A, Fu DJ, Ashe CS, Harlan BA, Hossain MM, Wang DK, Yemelyanova A, Schmoeckel E, Godwin AK, Mayr D, Cosgrove BD, Nikitin AY. Comparative single-cell atlases reveal injury-driven tubal epithelial regeneration as a window for ovarian carcinoma initiation. bioRxiv. 2026 Mar 30; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC13060286.
  2. Bidarimath M, Ralston CQ, Bidarimath N, Rose IM, Colina D, Schmoeckel E, Godwin AK, Mayr D, Ellenson LH, Flesken-Nikitin A, Nikitin AY. Keratin 5 marks cancer-propagating cells sustained by an osteopontin-producing niche in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Heterog Plast. 2026;3(2) PubMed Central PMCID: PMC13155427. 
  3. Flesken-Nikitin A, Pirtz MG, Ashe CS, Ellenson LH, Yemelyanova A, Cosgrove BD, Nikitin AY. Cell state dynamics during early stages of serous endometrial carcinoma. J Pathol. 2025 Nov;267(3):289-303. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC13170475. 
  4. Flesken-Nikitin A, Ralston CQ, Fu DJ, De Micheli AJ, Phuong DJ, Harlan BA, Ashe CS, Armstrong AP, McKellar DW, Ghuwalewala S, Ellenson LH, Schimenti JC, Cosgrove BD, Nikitin AY. Pre-ciliated tubal epithelial cells are prone to initiation of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Nat Commun. 2024 Oct 5;15(1):8641. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11452611.
  5. Fu DJ, Wang L, Chouairi FK, Rose IM, Abetov DA, Miller AD, Yamulla RJ, Schimenti JC, Flesken-Nikitin A, Nikitin AY. Gastric squamous-columnar junction contains a large pool of cancer-prone immature osteopontin responsive Lgr5(-)CD44(+) cells. Nat Commun. 2020 Jan 3;11(1):84. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6941991. 
  6. Fu DJ, Miller AD, Southard TL, Flesken-Nikitin A, Ellenson LH, Nikitin AY. Stem Cell Pathology. Annu Rev Pathol. 2018 Jan 24;13:71-92. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5857951. 
  7. Flesken-Nikitin A, Hwang CI, Cheng CY, Michurina TV, Enikolopov G, Nikitin AY. Ovarian surface epithelium at the junction area contains a cancer-prone stem cell niche. Nature. 2013 Mar 14;495(7440):241-5. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3982379. 
  8. Hwang CI, Matoso A, Corney DC, Flesken-Nikitin A, Körner S, Wang W, Boccaccio C, Thorgeirsson SS, Comoglio PM, Hermeking H, Nikitin AY. Wild-type p53 controls cell motility and invasion by dual regulation of MET expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Aug 23;108(34):14240. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3161601. 
  9. Corney DC, Flesken-Nikitin A, Godwin AK, Wang W, Nikitin AY. MicroRNA-34b and MicroRNA-34c are targets of p53 and cooperate in control of cell proliferation and adhesion-independent growth. Cancer Res. 2007 Sep 15;67(18):8433-8. PubMed PMID: 17823410. 
  10. Flesken-Nikitin A, Choi K-C, Eng JP, Shmidt EN, Nikitin AY. (2003) Induction of carcinogenesis by concurrent inactivation of p53 and Rb1 in the mouse ovarian surface epithelium. Cancer Res. 2003, 63: 3459-3463. PubMed PMID: 12839925.

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